Abstract
AbstractFinding economical non-seismic methods for safe and long-term underground Carbon storage monitoring is significant. Electromagnetic methods such as controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) are among the top economical and powerful geophysical methods for this purpose to investigate more. However, the CSEM monitoring of Carbon storage can be affected by shallower conductive materials due to their strong electromagnetic wave attenuation. So, the processing of controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) data is investigated for monitoring Carbon storage in marine saline aquifers. High attenuation of CSEM data in the high conductive media should be considered. For safe Carbon storage, the potential for leak detection is also checked here. The solution of Maxwell's equations in a goal-oriented adaptive finite element approach is used to decrease the computational cost. This modeling method is advantageous for nonlinear inversion because the parameters can be modified to reach a certain amount of accuracy. A Carbon storage reservoir in a saline aquifer modeled for testing the CSEM monitoring method. The results confirm the high potential of this method for demonstrating the areas of target Carbon storage, its leak, and its surrounding structures.