Review of minimally disruptive in vitro fertilization (IVF) approaches as a strategy for assisted human conception

Abstract

As a type of assisted reproductive technology (ART), in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been available for more than 4 decades, with the first successful birth using conventional IVF (C-IVF) occurring in 1978. C-IVF has become increasingly available and accessible over the years and is currently a widely used alternative treatment option for prospective parents experiencing infertility. In addition, science and technological advancements have given rise to other IVF techniques that allow families to choose the ART that best fits their personal and unique needs. Among the other IVF techniques, natural cycle IVF, mild stimulation IVF, and in vitro maturation are notable for being less disruptive to the female body and are referred to as minimally disruptive ARTs (MDARTs). However, deciding which MDART to choose is a complex and daunting task that precedes an already emotionally, financially, and physically taxing process. This review explores these modern ART strategies, including protocols, advantages, and limitations, as well as provides the MDART decision matrix that translates these considerations into a practical decision-making guide for patients seeking IVF.