Affiliation:
1. Georgetown University School of Medicine
Abstract
Although advancements in antiretroviral therapies have reduced the rates of HIV transmission, HIV remains an international public health concern. Perinatal HIV transmission continues to be one of the most common modes of transmission, with most new pediatric HIV infections beginning in utero. In this review, we provide background on the current standard of care in HIV-positive pregnant women. This includes a discussion of antiretroviral monotherapy vs polytherapy, vaginal delivery vs elective cesarean delivery, and avoidance of breastfeeding in the prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV infection. We also review several methods of HIV treatment that are currently under investigation, including shock and kill, block and lock, and gene editing techniques. Further, we discuss the significance of perinatal HIV transmission from a public health perspective both on a global level and on a local level in Washington, DC.
Publisher
Georgetown University School of Medicine
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