Biosurface processing with role in improving the osseointegration of the oral implant

Abstract

Introduction The osseointegration of the oral implant involves a close contact between the bone and the implant, an important feature that allows the optimal transfer of stresses from the implant to the bone. Achieving and maintaining tissue integration is ensured by a biosurface design with a role in reducing the effect of shear forces on the interface, which can stimulate osteogenesis and facilitate tissue remodelling. Numerous specialized studies describe the method of modifying the biosurface area generated by a certain topography, among them are those that attest to the role of roughness in increasing the number of cells that will adhere to a biosurface with a larger area. Methodology Research was performed in order to establish the influence of mechanical processing on the micro-roughness of the surface of the samples from the experimental bioalloy Ti10Zr. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence microscopy were used to evaluate the experimental results. Results The study presents the results on the micro-roughness profile and the values of the parameters that characterize the micro-roughness profile groups (2D and 3D) of the biosurfaces processed by grinding and very fine polishing. Aspects regarding the modification of biosurface morphology, compared to mechanical processing, acid corrosion and anodic oxidation, as well as the results regarding cellular behaviour (e.g. adhesion of osteoblasts) to experimentally processed biosurfaces are also presented. Conclusions The results of this experimental study together with those previously presented in “Controlled Changing of Implantable Bioinert Materials Biosurface “scientific paper compile a synthesis of information on the ability to modify the microtopography of the biosurface of the Ti10Zr alloy, by different ways in order to improve implant osseointegration.