Tobacco Smoking and Cancer Types: A Review

Abstract

Objective: Tobacco smoking is one of the causes of the incidence and mortality of cancer in the world. This study aimed to review the relationship between TS and especially the use of cigarettes with common cancers of various organs of the body. Methods: This study was  conducted  in  English by November 2017 through a search in databases of the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy included the key words "cancer", "tobacco smoke", "tobacco smoke", and "smoking." Articles that looked at the relationship between each type of cancer and smoking were entered into the study and summarized in Review. Results: Tobacco smoking is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, Upper aerodigestive tract, esophagus, stomach, bladder, kidneys, colorectal, prostate, and pancreas. However, further studies are needed to confirm the association between Tobacco smoking and liver, cervical, brain, gallbladder, Hodgkin’s disease, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and hematologic malignancies. However, Tobacco smoking plays a protective role in the development of thyroid cancers, skin and Kaposi’s sarcoma. Conclusions: Given that almost all of the risk factors for most cancers are Tobacco smoking, increasing the public’s awareness of the harmful effects of smoking, implementing programs and policies to  reduce smoking, can lead to a reduction in smoking and consequently reduce  the  resulting  harmful  consequences.