Determination of Gemcitabine and Sorafenib in Spiked Human Plasma Using Multivariate Model Update Chemometric Methods

Abstract

Abstract Background Gemcitabine (GEM), a pyrimidine nucleoside, has been used as a first-line treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sorafenib (SOR), a nonselective multi-kinase inhibitor, is used as a chemotherapeutic agent in different types of cancers including NSCLC in preclinical studies. Co-administration of GEM and SOR was found to be effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of NSCLC. Objective The aim of the present work is to determine the studied drugs in spiked human plasma simultaneously through resolving the overlapping spectra and removing the interference of the plasma matrix. Method Two updated chemometric models were developed using UV absorbance of the drugs, which named principal component regression (PCR) and partial least-squares (PLS) for determination of GEM and SOR in the ranges of 5–25 and 2–22 µg/mL, respectively. Results Validation of the two updated models has been achieved in accordance with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, and the results were satisfactory. The two methods had the advantages of high predictive ability of the studied drugs with high precision and accuracy. Moreover, there was no significant difference obtained when statistical comparison was done between the developed and reported methods, showing good validity of the suggested methods. Conclusions The two updated models have the advantages of being rapid, accurate, sensitive, and cost-effective for the determination of GEM and SOR in quality control laboratories without any need for initial separation procedures. Highlights Two updated chemometric methods, PCR and PLS, were developed for the estimation of GEM and SOR in spiked human plasma using their UV absorbance data.