Evaluation of Heating Times for Loss on Drying at 105°C for Estimation of Laboratory Dry Matter in Animal Feeds

Author:

Quirino Daiana F1ORCID,Lima Nicole S A1ORCID,Palma Malber N N2ORCID,Franco Marcia O3ORCID,Detmann Edenio14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Department of Animal Science , Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil

2. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima, Campus Amajari, Amajari , Roraima 69343-000, Brazil

3. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) , Jokioinen FI-31600, Finland

4. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management , Uppsala 750 07, Sweden

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundDry matter (DM) is a routine test for all animal feeds, facilitating feed comparisons and diet formulation. It is the most frequent test, yet the most challenging with respect to precision and accuracy.ObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the accuracy, repeatability, and physicochemical impacts of oven-drying times on LDM test results in animal feeds obtained by loss on drying (LoD) at 105°C.MethodsEighteen primary samples collected from different feed sources were grouped into high-moisture (HM) and low-moisture (LM) content materials. The tested methods were based on LoD at 105°C and Karl Fischer titration was adopted as the reference method. Test portions were oven dried at 105°C for 3, 6, 12, 16, and 24 h, and test results were compared to the reference method. Test portions were also subjected to a color evaluation using a colorimetric technique.ResultsThe method based on 3 h of drying provided the closest estimates to those obtained by Karl Fischer titration. Extending heating time (i.e., above 3 h) increased the bias, especially for HM feeds, which was attributed to a higher occurrence of non-enzymatic reactions. This was corroborated by the color of the residues, which became darker with increased heating time. The repeatability of LoD methods was considered adequate, ranging from 0.32 to 0.73%.ConclusionThe LoD method based on the binomial 105°C × 3 h minimizes the bias in the water recovery and causes less non-enzymatic browning in the test portions.HighlightsThe loss-on-drying method recommended for laboratory DM in animal feeds is drying the test portions at 105°C for 3 h.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Pharmacology,Agronomy and Crop Science,Environmental Chemistry,Food Science,Analytical Chemistry

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