Affiliation:
1. Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux Population Health, U1219, Bordeaux, France
2. Plateforme de Lipidomique, INSERM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
3. INSERM, Clinical Investigation Center–Clinical Epidemiology 1401, Bordeaux, France
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
LPS-type endotoxins, naturally found in the gut microbiota, are recognized as triggers of inflammation and emerge as detrimental factors of healthy aging. Nutrition represents a promising strategy to reduce LPS burden, yet little is known about the relation of diet to circulating LPS concentrations.
Objective
The aim was to evaluate the associations between food groups, dietary patterns, and circulating 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs), a proxy of LPS burden.
Methods
In a cross-sectional study of 698 French older community-dwelling individuals, 3-OH FA concentrations were measured by LC–tandem MS. Dietary patterns were determined using food-frequency questionnaires. Adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet was computed according to the consumption of 8 food groups (fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, fish, olive oil, meat, and dairy products) and alcohol intake (range: 0, low adherence, to 18, high adherence). Three a posteriori dietary patterns were derived from factor analysis: complex carbohydrate (rich in rice, pasta, eggs, poultry, and potatoes), traditional (rich in alcohol, meat, processed meats–cold cuts, and legumes), and prudent (rich in vegetables and fruits and low in cookies) diets. Linear regression models were applied.
Results
The frequency of consumption of each food group was not associated with 3-OH FA concentrations. Greater adherence to both the Mediterranean diet and the prudent diet were associated with lower circulating 3-OH FAs (β [95% CI] for each additional point of score: −0.12 [−0.22, −0.01] and −0.27 [−0.48, −0.07], respectively). In contrast, greater adherence to the traditional diet was associated with higher concentration of 3-OH FAs (β [95% CI] 0.22 [0.001, 0.46]). The adherence to the complex-carbohydrate diet was not associated with 3-OH FA concentrations.
Conclusions
Based on 2 complementary approaches, the identified plant-based dietary patterns were associated with lower 3-OH FA concentrations, and thus a lower LPS burden, which is considered a potent trigger of inflammatory response.
Funder
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)