Factors Influencing the Oak Lace Bug (Hemiptera: Tingidae) Behavior on Oaks: Feeding Preference Does not Mean Better Performance?

Abstract

Abstract Oak lace bug – Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a North American species that has been introduced to Europe and Asia, where it became a serious oak pest. As little is known about its behavior, we conducted a study in which we tested the preference and performance of the oak lace bug for different oak species and the influence of powdery mildew and CO2 on the behavior of the oak lace bug. Four of the most represented oak species in Serbia (Hungarian, pedunculate, sessile, and Turkey oak) were used for testing the preference and performance of the oak lace bug, and the influence of oak powdery mildew on the behavior of the oak lace bug. The influence of CO2 on the behavior of the oak lace bug was tested on pedunculate oak. The results of this study have shown that there are differences in preference and performance of the oak lace bug between the analyzed oak species; there are significant differences in the oak lace bug host preference in the laboratory and in field conditions; Hungarian oak is most threatened by the oak lace bug, as the oak lace bug performs best on this species and preferers this species in field conditions; the oak powdery mildew and oak lace bug are in an antagonistic relationship; and that the changes in the leaves caused by the expected increase in CO2 concentration in the future will probably not influence the feeding behavior of the oak lace bug adults.