Is Xylella fastidiosa a serious threat to European forests?

Author:

Desprez-Loustau Marie-Laure1,Balci Yilmaz2,Cornara Daniele34,Gonthier Paolo5,Robin Cécile1,Jacques Marie-Agnès6

Affiliation:

1. BIOGECO, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, 33610 Cestas, France

2. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Service, 4700 River Rd, Riverdale, MD 20737, USA

3. Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, ICA-CSIC, Calle Serrano 115 dpdo, 28006 Madrid, Spain

4. Centre International des Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes – Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari, Via Ceglie, 9 - 70010 Valenzano, Italy

5. University of Torino, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco, Italy

6. IRHS, Université d’Angers, INRAE, AGROCAMPUS-OUEST, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France

Abstract

Abstract The recent emergence of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in Italy, caused by Xylella fastidiosa, has drawn attention to the risks posed by this vector-borne bacterium to important crops in Europe (especially fruit trees and grapevine). Comparatively very little is known on actual and potential impacts of this pathogen in forests, in the native (North American) and introduced (European) regions, respectively. The present review aims to address important questions related to the threat posed by X. fastidiosa to European forests, such as the following: What are the symptoms, hosts and impact of bacterial leaf scorch caused by X. fastidiosa on trees in North America? Which forest tree species have been found infected in the introduction area in Europe? How does X. fastidiosa cause disease in susceptible hosts? Are there any X. fastidiosa genotypes (subspecies and sequence types) specifically associated with forest trees? How is X. fastidiosa transmitted? What are the known and potential vectors for forest trees? How does vector ecology affect disease? Is the distribution of X. fastidiosa, especially the strains associated with trees, restricted by climatic factors? Is disease risk for trees different in forest ecosystems as compared with urban settings? We conclude by pointing to important knowledge gaps related to all these questions and strongly advocate for more research about the Xylella-forest pathosystems, in both North America and Europe.

Funder

European Union

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Forestry

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