Recommended Definitions of Aggressive Prostate Cancer for Etiologic Epidemiologic Research-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Recommended Definitions of Aggressive Prostate Cancer for Etiologic Epidemiologic Research

Published:2020-10-03 Issue:6 Volume:113 Page:727-734
ISSN:0027-8874
Container-title:JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Hurwitz Lauren M¹^ORCID,Agalliu Ilir²,Albanes Demetrius¹^ORCID,Barry Kathryn Hughes³⁴^ORCID,Berndt Sonja I¹,Cai Qiuyin⁵^ORCID,Chen Chu⁶,Cheng Iona⁷,Genkinger Jeanine M⁸^ORCID,Giles Graham G⁹¹⁰¹¹^ORCID,Huang Jiaqi¹^ORCID,Joshu Corinne E¹²,Key Tim J¹³^ORCID,Knutsen Synnove¹⁴,Koutros Stella¹^ORCID,Langseth Hilde¹⁵¹⁶,Li Sherly X⁹¹⁰¹⁷,MacInnis Robert J⁹¹⁰,Markt Sarah C¹⁸^ORCID,Penney Kathryn L¹⁹²⁰^ORCID,Perez-Cornago Aurora¹³,Rohan Thomas E²,Smith-Warner Stephanie A²⁰²¹,Stampfer Meir J²⁰,Stopsack Konrad H²²^ORCID,Tangen Catherine M²³,Travis Ruth C¹³,Weinstein Stephanie J¹^ORCID,Wu Lang²⁴,Jacobs Eric J²⁵,Mucci Lorelei A²⁰^ORCID,Platz Elizabeth A¹²^ORCID,Cook Michael B¹,

Affiliation:

1. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA

2. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

3. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

4. Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

5. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

6. Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA

7. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

8. Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA

9. Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

10. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

11. Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

12. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

13. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

14. School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA

15. Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway

16. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK

17. Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

18. Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

19. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

20. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

21. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

22. Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

23. SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA

24. Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

25. Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA

Abstract

Abstract Background In the era of widespread prostate-specific antigen testing, it is important to focus etiologic research on the outcome of aggressive prostate cancer, but studies have defined this outcome differently. We aimed to develop an evidence-based consensus definition of aggressive prostate cancer using clinical features at diagnosis for etiologic epidemiologic research. Methods Among prostate cancer cases diagnosed in 2007 in the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-18 database with follow-up through 2017, we compared the performance of categorizations of aggressive prostate cancer in discriminating fatal prostate cancer within 10 years of diagnosis, placing the most emphasis on sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV). Results In our case population (n = 55 900), 3073 men died of prostate cancer within 10 years. Among 12 definitions that included TNM staging and Gleason score, sensitivities ranged from 0.64 to 0.89 and PPVs ranged from 0.09 to 0.23. We propose defining aggressive prostate cancer as diagnosis of category T4 or N1 or M1 or Gleason score of 8 or greater prostate cancer, because this definition had one of the higher PPVs (0.23, 95% confidence interval = 0.22 to 0.24) and reasonable sensitivity (0.66, 95% confidence interval = 0.64 to 0.67) for prostate cancer death within 10 years. Results were similar across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions We recommend that etiologic epidemiologic studies of prostate cancer report results for this definition of aggressive prostate cancer. We also recommend that studies separately report results for advanced category (T4 or N1 or M1), high-grade (Gleason score ≥8), and fatal prostate cancer. Use of this comprehensive set of endpoints will facilitate comparison of results from different studies and help elucidate prostate cancer etiology.

Funder

National Cancer Institute

National Institutes of Health

Department of Health and Human Services

NCI

NIH

HHS

C8221

A29017

Cancer Research UK

University of Hawaii Cancer Center Seed Grant

Prostate Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Awards