Atmospheric dispersal shapes rapid bacterial colonization of Icelandic Lava Rocks

Author:

Daussin Aurélien12ORCID,Vannier Pauline23,Daboussy Lola4,Šantl-Temkiv Tina567ORCID,Cockell Charles8,Marteinsson Viggó Þór129

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland , Sæmundargatu 2, 102 Reykjavík , Iceland

2. MATIS, Department of Research and Innovation , Vinlandsleið 12, 113 Reykjavík , Iceland

3. Université de Toulon, MAPIEM , SeaTech, Bâtiment X, Avenue de l'Université, 83130 La Garde , France

4. University of Technology of Compiègne , CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne , France

5. Department of Biology, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus , Denmark

6. Department of Biology, Arctic Research Center, Aarhus University , Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus , Denmark

7. Department of Environmental Science, iCLIMATE Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus , Denmark

8. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , James Clerk Maxwell Building, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh , Scotland

9. The Agricultural University of Iceland,   Hvanneyri, 311 Borgabyggð , Iceland

Abstract

Abstract Microorganisms released into the atmosphere by various disturbances can travel significant distances before depositing, yet their impact on community assembly remains unclear. To address this, we examined atmospheric and lithospheric bacterial communities in 179 samples collected at two distinct Icelandic volcanic sites: a small volcanic island Surtsey, and a volcanic highland Fimmvörðuháls using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Airborne microbial communities were similar between sites while significant differences emerged in the communities on lava rocks after 1-year exposure. SourceTracker analysis revealed distinct bacterial populations in the atmosphere and the lava rocks with surrounding soil contributed more significantly to lava rock microbial composition. Nevertheless, shared genera among air, rocks, and local sources, suggested potential exchange between these environments. The prevalent genera shared between rocks and potential sources exhibited stress-resistant properties, likely helping their survival during air transportation and facilitating their colonization of the rocks. We hypothesize that the atmosphere serves as a conduit for locally sourced microbes and stress-resistant distant-sourced microbes. Additionally, bacterial communities on the lava rocks of Fimmvörðuháls showed remarkable similarity after 1 and 9 years of exposure, suggesting rapid establishment. Our study reveals that atmospheric deposition significantly influences bacterial community formation, potentially influencing ecosystem dynamics and microbial communities’ resilience.

Funder

Rannís

Danish National Research Foundation

Novo Nordisk Foundation

Villum Fonden

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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