1. Dyspepsia is defined as indigestion, a chronic or recurrent pain in the upper abdomen, upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected when eating (, accessed 7 February 2014); dysmenorrhoea as Period cramps, a medical condition of pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities (, accessed 7 February 2014). Letter of Doctor Ringbom to Uusikaupunki Court of Assizes 5 April 1862, pp. 6–6v, Crime Dossier of Turku Court of Appeal 1862, District of Turku, Ebd: 478, No. 26, Provincial Archive of Turku.
2. Ibid.; 5v–6.
3. Verdict of Turku Court of Appeal 8 August 1862, 7v–8v, District of Turku, Dbc: 45, No. 26, Provincial Archive of Turku.
4. Peter C. Hoffer and N. E. H. Hull, Murdering Mothers: Infanticide in England and New England 1558–1803 (New York and London: New York University Press, 1984), 10; Mona Rautelin, ‘En förutbestämd sanning. Barnamord och delaktighet i 1700-talets Finland, belysta genom kön, kropp och social kontroll’ [A Predetermined Truth. Infanticide and complicity in eighteenth-century Finland through gender, body and social control] (Doctoral dissertation obtainable from Helda , accessed 19 January 2015, Helsinki University, 2009), 327–8, 332–4, 371–3.
5. The conclusions regarding eighteenth-century cryptic pregnancy cases have been extracted from available research on infanticide and crimes of complicity in eighteenth-century Finland and Sweden.