Relevance and regulation of alternative splicing in plant secondary metabolism: current understanding and future directions

Author:

Xu Zihan1,Xiao Ying1,Guo Jinlin234,Lv Zongyou1,Chen Wansheng15

Affiliation:

1. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, , Shanghai 201203, China

2. Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Medical Technology, , Chengdu 611103, China

3. Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, , Chengdu 611130, China

4. Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, , Chengdu 611103, China

5. Second Military Medical University Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, , Shanghai 200003, China

Abstract

Abstract The secondary metabolism of plants is an essential life process enabling organisms to navigate various stages of plant development and cope with ever-changing environmental stresses. Secondary metabolites, abundantly found in nature, possess significant medicinal value. Among the regulatory mechanisms governing these metabolic processes, alternative splicing stands out as a widely observed post-transcriptional mechanism present in multicellular organisms. It facilitates the generation of multiple mRNA transcripts from a single gene by selecting different splicing sites. Selective splicing events in plants are widely induced by various signals, including external environmental stress and hormone signals. These events ultimately regulate the secondary metabolic processes and the accumulation of essential secondary metabolites in plants by influencing the synthesis of primary metabolites, hormone metabolism, biomass accumulation, and capillary density. Simultaneously, alternative splicing plays a crucial role in enhancing protein diversity and the abundance of the transcriptome. This paper provides a summary of the factors inducing alternative splicing events in plants and systematically describes the progress in regulating alternative splicing with respect to different secondary metabolites, including terpenoid, phenolic compounds, and nitrogen-containing compounds. Such elucidation offers critical foundational insights for understanding the role of alternative splicing in regulating plant metabolism and presents novel avenues and perspectives for bioengineering.

Funder

State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine

the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader

the National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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