Neonatal Eye Shielding during Phototherapy: What Protects the Eye Better?

Author:

Abdulkadir Isa1ORCID,Slusher Tina M2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University/Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State 810107, Nigeria

2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota & Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA

Abstract

Abstract Background Phototherapy remains an important component of the management of unconjugated neonatal jaundice, a major cause of newborn morbidity. During phototherapy the toxic unconjugated form of bilirubin is converted to nontoxic form through action of light delivered by phototherapy. An important possible complication of phototherapy is retinal damage and therefore eye protective measures are taken during therapy to prevent this from occurring. Devices currently in use for phototherapy are capable of providing intensive phototherapy with the attendant increased risk of eye injury. The materials used in providing eye protection are varied among care providers. A dearth of information exists on shielding provided by the commonly used eye protectors during phototherapy, more so during intensive phototherapy. Objective To evaluate the shielding provided by the different eye protectors commonly used in our setting under intensive phototherapy. Materials and method Five materials in use for eye shielding were obtained. Using an institutional built light emitting diode phototherapy device, intensive phototherapy was provided and the irradiance at varying distances of 35 cm, 25 cm, 15 cm and 10 cm was measured using an Olympic bili meterTM Natus. At the distance of each measured irradiance the different eye protective materials were then placed one after the other over the surface of the measuring sensor of the meter and the irradiance measurement was recorded. Two measurements were taken for each material at each distance and the average irradiance measurement was then recorded for each of the materials tested at that distance. Results Five eye shielding materials in use were identified: black cotton fabric, white cotton fabric, black cotton fabric with foam, white cotton fabric with foam and gauze. The black cotton fabric with or without foam at the phototherapy device irradiances of 30, 46.3, 58.7 and 75.4 µw/m2/nm recorded 0 irradiance. Conclusion Black cotton fabric with or without foam pad provided the most shielding under intensive phototherapy.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

Reference11 articles.

1. Patterns of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigeria: a multicenter pre-intervention study;Diala;J Perinatol,2018

2. Fundamentals of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice;Stokowski;Adv Neonatal Care,2006

3. Evaluating the efficacy of phototherapy devices;Vreman;Indian Pediatr,2011

4. Irradiance levels of phototherapy devices fabricated in Nigeria;Abdulkadir;Niger J Paediatr,2018

5. Side effects of phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia;Taksande;Acta Scientific Paediatrics,2018

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