Prevalence of sleep disorders in children with Congenital Zika Syndrome

Abstract

Abstract Studies have reported that children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) experience changes in their sleep patterns, which can result in mood disturbances, behavioral issues and delays in growth and development. This systematic review synthesized the available evidence on the prevalence of sleep disorders in children with CZS. Eligible studies were those with an observational design that reported sleep disorders in children with CZS using validated questionnaires, polysomnography/electroencephalographic recording or parent/caregiver reports. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Embase, as well as a gray literature search using Google Scholar. The Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformation with a random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of sleep disorders with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Five studies were included and data from 340 Brazilian children with CZS were analyzed. The overall prevalence of sleep disorders was 27.4% (95% CI 16.7–39.4), without differences among studies using validated questionnaires (29.4%, 95% CI 21.4–37.8) or report from parents and caregivers (27.4%, 95% CI 11.5–47.0). Sleep disorders are prevalent in children with CZS, impacting their development and quality of life. It is critical to examine the quality of sleep in these children to develop appropriate interventions that can mitigate these issues.