1. Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
2. Laboratory of Biotechnology, Genetic Resources, Plant and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Dassa, National University of Sciences, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, 01 BP 14, Dassa-Zoumè, Benin
3. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
4. Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, Benin
5. Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Sciences, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa