Using the theoretical domains framework to explore behavioural determinants for medication taking in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To investigate relationships between factors influencing medication taking and behavioural determinants in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A cross-sectional survey using a postal questionnaire distributed to PCI patients. The questionnaire was iteratively developed by the research team with reference to the theoretical domains framework (TDF) of behavioural determinants, reviewed for face and content validity and piloted. Data were analysed using descriptive and principal component analysis (PCA). Inferential analysis explored relationships between PCA component scores and factors influencing medicating taking behaviour. Key findings Adjusted response rate was 62.4% (325/521). PCA gave three components: (C1) Self-perceptions of knowledge and abilities in relation to medication taking; (C2) Aspects relating to activities and support in medication taking; (C3) Emotional aspects in taking medication. Generally, respondents held very positive views. Statistically significant relationships between all three components and self-reported chest pain/discomfort indicated patients with ongoing chest pain/discomfort post-PCI are more likely to have behavioural determinants and beliefs which make medication taking challenging. Respondents who were on 10 or more medications had lower levels of agreement with the C2 and C3 statements indicating challenges associated with their activities/support and anxieties in medication taking. Conclusions PCI patients show links between TDF behavioural determinants and factors influencing medication taking for those reporting chest pain or polypharmacy. Further research needs to explore the effective design and implementation of behavioural change interventions to reduce the challenge of medication taking.