Remodeling male coercion and the evolution of sexual autonomy by mate choice

Author:

Snow Samuel S12ORCID,Prum Richard O2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, University of Toulouse 1 Capitole , Toulouse , Occitanie , France

2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University , New Haven, CT , USA

Abstract

AbstractModels of sexual conflict over mating, including conflict over indirect benefits of mate choice, have generally presumed that female resistance to male coercion must involve direct confrontation, which can lead to sexually antagonistic coevolutionary arms-races. We built a quantitative model examining the largely ignored possibility that females may evolve new, additional mate preferences for new male traits that undermine male capacity to coerce. Thus, females may “remodel” the coercive capacity of the male phenotype in order to enhance their own sexual autonomy—a novel alternative mechanism by which females may avoid arms-races. We demonstrate that evolutionary “remodeling” is possible, in spite of costs to males, because females that prefer males with protective, autonomy-enhancing traits (traits correlated with lower coercion effectiveness) are likelier to gain indirect benefits of having attractive mates. Our analysis reveals new possibilities for the evolution of systems of sexual conflict over indirect benefits, showing that autonomy-enhancing male traits can act as a “public good,” benefiting all females regardless of mating preferences, leading to oscillatory dynamics; and that preferences for more protective male traits will often be favored relative to preferences for less protective traits, potentially leading to an evolutionary “snowball” of expanding sexual autonomy.

Funder

National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship

National Institutes of Health

Yale University EEB Chair’s Fund

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Investments for the Future (Investissements d’Avenir) program

W.R. Coe Fund

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,Genetics,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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