1. Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities, and Education (PRIME) Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
3. Department of Nursing, Yale School of Medicine, Orange, Connecticut
4. Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Service/Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts
5. Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
6. Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA