The effect of macropore size of hydroxyapatite scaffold on the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells under perfusion culture

Author:

Shi Feng123,Xiao Dongqin2,Zhang Chengdong23,Zhi Wei3,Liu Yumei14,Weng Jie3

Affiliation:

1. Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, No.1 Shida Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China

2. Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No.97 Renmin South Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China

3. College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111 North 1st Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China

4. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, No.1 Shida Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China

Abstract

Abstract Previous studies have proved that dynamic culture could facilitate nutrients transport and apply mechanical stimulation to the cells within three-dimensional scaffolds, thus enhancing the differentiation of stem cells towards the osteogenic phenotype. However, the effects of macropore size on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells under dynamic condition are still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of macropore size of hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells under static and perfusion culture conditions. In vitro cell culture results showed that cell proliferation, alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of ALP, collagen-I (Col-I), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) were enhanced when cultured under perfusion condition in comparison to static culture. Under perfusion culture condition, the ALP activity and the gene expression of ALP, Col-I, OCN and OPN were enhanced with the macropore size decreasing from 1300 to 800 µm. However, with the further decrease in macropore size from 800 to 500 µm, the osteogenic related gene expression and protein secretion were reduced. Computational fluid dynamics analysis showed that the distribution areas of medium- and high-speed flow increased with the decrease in macropore size, accompanied by the increase of the fluid shear stress within the scaffolds. These results confirm the effects of macropore size on fluid flow stimuli and cell differentiation, and also help optimize the macropore size of HAp scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Biomaterials

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