1. Economics Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
2. Economics Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
3. Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Global Health Department, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg campus, Cape Town, South Africa
4. The Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
5. School of Economics and Finance, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa