The Testing Imperative: Why the US Ending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Epidemic Program Needs to Renew Efforts to Expand HIV Testing in Clinical and Community-Based Settings

Author:

Nosyk Bohdan12,Fojo Anthony Todd3,Kasaie Parastu4,Enns Benjamin2,Trigg Laura25,Piske Micah2,Hutchinson Angela B6,DiNenno Elizabeth A6,Zang Xiao7,del Rio Carlos8

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada

2. Health Economic Research Unit, Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada

3. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA

4. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland , USA

5. School of Health and Related Research, Health Economics and Decision Modelling, Sheffield University , Sheffield, United Kingdom

6. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia , USA

7. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health , Providence Rhode Island , USA

8. Faculty of Medicine, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia , USA

Abstract

Abstract Data from several modeling studies demonstrate that large-scale increases in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing across settings with a high burden of HIV may produce the largest incidence reductions to support the US Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative's goal of reducing new HIV infections 90% by 2030. Despite US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommendations for routine HIV screening within clinical settings and at least yearly screening for individuals most at risk of acquiring HIV, fewer than half of US adults report ever receiving an HIV test. Furthermore, total domestic funding for HIV prevention has remained unchanged between 2013 and 2019. The authors describe the evidence supporting the value of expanded HIV testing, identify challenges in implementation, and present recommendations to address these barriers through approaches at local and federal levels to reach EHE targets.

Funder

National Institutes on Drug Abuse

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Center for AIDS Research

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical)

Reference33 articles.

1. Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings;Branson;Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2006

2. Screening for HIV infection: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement;Owens;JAMA,2019

3. Prevalence and trends in HIV infection and testing among adults in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999–2018;McQuillan;J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2021

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