Hibiscus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) – Biology, Host Plants, Current Management Practices, and a Field Guide for North America

Abstract

Abstract Hibiscus mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), is an invasive, highly polyphagous pest that has recently established in Florida. This pest is historically known to heavily effect citrus production in other citrus-producing regions and has similarly negatively impacted citrus groves in several counties. Hibiscus mealybug was first found infesting citrus in one county in 2019 and has rapidly spread across counties and onto additional hosts in only a few years. Here we review the known distribution and biology of hibiscus mealybug, including a description of life stages, known host plants in Florida, and management options. Additionally, a field diagnostics guide is presented to assist in early detection and prevent the spread of N. viridis in other regions. We anticipate that information shared here will help in slowing its spread in the United States.