1. The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Sagamihara , Japan
3. The Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
4. YCU Center for Novel and Exploratory Clinical Trials, Yokohama City University Hospital , Yokohama , Japan
5. The Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA
6. Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
7. Department of Cardiology, New Tokyo Hospital , Matsudo , Japan
8. The Department of Health Services Research, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
9. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University , Saga , Japan
10. The Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
11. National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
12. Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA
13. National Heart Centre Singapore , Singapore
14. Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
15. Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
16. Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama , USA