Altered Temporal Dynamics of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adolescent-Onset First-Episode Psychosis

Author:

Masias Bruns Mireia1ORCID,Ramirez-Mahaluf Juan Pablo12,Valli Isabel3ORCID,Ortuño María3,Ilzarbe Daniel3456,de la Serna Elena245,Puig Navarro Olga45,Crossley Nicolas A2ORCID,González Ballester Miguel Ángel137,Baeza Inmaculada3456,Piella Gemma1,Castro-Fornieles Josefina3456,Sugranyes Gisela3456ORCID

Affiliation:

1. BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain

2. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile

3. Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain

4. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2017SGR881, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain

5. Group G04, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Spain

6. Department of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain

7. ICREA , Barcelona , Spain

Abstract

Abstract Background Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) alterations have been reported in patients with adult-onset and chronic psychosis. We sought to examine whether such abnormalities were also observed in patients with first episode, adolescent-onset psychosis (AOP), in order to rule out potential effects of chronicity and protracted antipsychotic treatment exposure. AOP has been suggested to have less diagnostic specificity compared to psychosis with onset in adulthood and occurs during a period of neurodevelopmental changes in brain functional connections. Study Design Seventy-nine patients with first episode, AOP (36 patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, SSD; and 43 with affective psychotic disorder, AF) and 54 healthy controls (HC), aged 10 to 17 years were included. Participants underwent clinical and cognitive assessments and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Graph-based measures were used to analyze temporal trajectories of dFC, which were compared between patients with SSD, AF, and HC. Within patients, we also tested associations between dFC parameters and clinical variables. Study Results Patients with SSD temporally visited the different connectivity states in a less efficient way (reduced global efficiency), visiting fewer nodes (larger temporal modularity, and increased immobility), with a reduction in the metabolic expenditure (cost and leap size), relative to AF and HC (effect sizes: Cohen’s D, ranging 0.54 to.91). In youth with AF, these parameters did not differ compared to HC. Connectivity measures were not associated with clinical severity, intelligence, cannabis use, or dose of antipsychotic medication. Conclusions dFC measures hold potential towards the development of brain-based biomarkers characterizing adolescent-onset SSD.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Health

European Commission

IDIBAPS

Fundació Clínic Recerca Biomèdica and Brain and Behavior Research Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health

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