Changes in Glucose Control and Lipid Levels Following Trunk-Based Body Contouring Surgery in Postbariatric and Nonbariatric Patients

Abstract

Abstract Background Despite consistent interest over the past 2 decades regarding the metabolic effects of body contouring (BC), previous studies are limited by short follow-up periods, small sample sizes, gender-specific cohorts, and assessment of all anatomic regions together. Objectives This study evaluates the changes in glucose and lipid levels over long-term follow up after trunk-based BC and compares postbariatric with nonbariatric patients. Methods The retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent trunk-based BC from January 1, 2009 through July 31, 2020 at West Virginia University. A minimum 12-month follow up was required for inclusion. With BC surgery as the reference point, patients' glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and lipid levels were assessed prior to surgery and at long-term follow up. Change over time was compared between postbariatric and nonbariatric cohorts. Multivariable linear regression models were performed to assess the effect of potential confounding variables on the difference between cohorts. Results Seventy-seven BC patients had glucose levels evaluated during the study period, and 36 had lipid profiles obtained. Average follow up from date of BC was 41.2 months for the patients with glucose follow up and 40.9 months for those with lipid levels. From pre-BC to endpoint follow up, glucose levels mildly increased in all patients. Multivariable linear regression models accounting for age showed nonbariatric patients experience significantly improved total cholesterol levels compared to postbariatric patients (P = 0.0320). Weight loss maintained following BC was not associated with significant differences between cohorts. Conclusions Fasting glucose levels marginally increase in most BC patients through follow up. Nonbariatric patients generally experience more favorable changes in lipid profile following trunk-based BC than do postbariatric patients. Level of Evidence: 3