Iatrogenic Liver Perforation During Liposuction: A Case Report and In-depth Review of Clinical Presentation, Management, and Lessons Learned

Abstract

Abstract   Liposuction is generally recognized as a safe medical procedure. However, it is important to acknowledge the potential for complications during and after the operation. Although rare, the occurrence of iatrogenic liver perforation following liposuction is viewed as a serious complication, necessitating immediate and attentive medical care. We report a case of a 42-year-old female who underwent liposuction and presented with abdominal pain 3 days later. Elevated liver enzymes and imaging revealed an active bile leak from the right liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed a penetrating injury, leading to multiple washout surgeries. After a 3-month hospital stay, including intensive care, the patient fully recovered upon discharge following abdominal wound closure. Despite considering liposuction procedures safe due to the associated overall low risk rates, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as hollow viscus or solid organ injury. The treatment for such complications can either be surgical or nonsurgical, depending on the patient's presentation and diagnosis. To promptly identify and address any complication postsurgery, close monitoring of patients postoperatively is necessary. Level of Evidence: 5