Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Author:
Jensen Andreas Vestergaard12, Faurholt-Jepsen Daniel13, Egelund Gertrud Baunbæk12, Andersen Stine Bang12, Petersen Pelle Trier12, Benfield Thomas24, Witzenrath Martin56, Rohde Gernot67, Ravn Pernille12, Dreher M, Cornelissen C, Knüppel W, Stolz D, Suttorp N, Creutz P, Bauer T, Sabha T, Pankow W, Lies A, Thiemig D, Hauptmeier B, Ewig S, Wehde D, Prediger M, Schmager S, Höffken G, Kolditz M, Schulte-Hubbert B, Langner S, Welte T, Barten G, Abrahamczik M, Naim J, Kröner W, Illig T, Klopp N, Kroegel C, Pletz M, Happe J, Frosinski J, Winning J, Moeser A, Dalhoff K, Dageförde K, Franzen K, Hyzy F, Schmieg H, Parschke P, Thiemann P, Ahrens J, Hardel T, Drijkoningen J, Buschmann H, Kröning R, Schütte H, Schaberg T, Hering I, Kropf-Sanchen C, Illmann T, Wallner M, Burghuber O, Rainer G,
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Nordsjællands Hospital-Hillerød 2. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences 3. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen 4. Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark 5. Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and SFB-TR84 “Innate Immunity of the Lung,” Berlin 6. CAPNETZ Stiftung, Hannover, Germany 7. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for community-acquired pneumonia, whereas the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia is largely unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, and risk factors associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in a large European community-acquired pneumonia cohort.
Methods
This was a multicenter prospective cohort study of hospitals and private practices in Germany and Austria encompassing 1961 adults with community-acquired pneumonia included in the German Community-Acquired Pneumonia Competence Network (CAPNETZ) study between 2007 and 2014. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and prediabetes was estimated based on hemoglobin A1c measurements. Logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Results
Fifteen percent of patients had known diabetes mellitus. Among patients without known diabetes mellitus, 5.0% had undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and 37.5% had prediabetes. Male sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.35–4.45]), body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (OR, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.48–4.72]), and hyperglycemia at admission (6–11 mM: OR, 2.93 [95% CI, 1.54–5.60] and ≥11 mM: OR, 44.76 [95% CI, 17.58–113.98]) were associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus had a higher 180-day mortality rate compared to patients without diabetes mellitus (12.1% vs 3.8%, respectively; P = .001).
Conclusions
Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was prevalent among community-acquired pneumonia. Male sex, overweight, and hyperglycemia at admission were associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. The long-term mortality among patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was high compared to patients without diabetes mellitus.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical)
Cited by
28 articles.
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