Formulation, design and strategies for efficient nanotechnology-based nasal delivery systems

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Nanotechnology-based nasal delivery systems have gained interest as a way of overcoming low drug bioavailability, limited brain exposure, fast metabolism and elimination, high doses and unwanted side effects. The main benefits of intranasal (IN) administration include the non-invasive method, easy accessibility, porous epithelial barrier and highly vascularized tissue. However, it is imperative to identify interactions between the materials used and the nasal biological environment to ensure proper release. Key findings We have examined principal factors in nasal administration, such as physiological aspects of the nose, drug and biopharmaceutical properties, formulation properties and nasal devices for drug delivery. Summary This review highlights new insights into different nanotechnology-based approaches for IN use and focuses on recent developments in topical nasal DDS, outlining the advantages and limitations of each system. This article confines itself to research and novel concepts and the different strategies developed to increase bioavailability, safety and a route to brain delivery.