Author:
Ströckens Felix,Amunts Katrin
Abstract
Abstract
The extension of the telencephalic neocortex (i.e., telencephalization) is one of the most prominent features of human brain evolution and has been related to an increase in telencephalic processing capacity, including cognitive performance. However, it might have had also adverse effects, in shape of neurological diseases, which are less common or even absent in nonhuman mammals, including the traditional neuroscientific model species. Within this chapter, the authors briefly outline the evolutionary history of humans and give an overview of the general anatomy of the mammalian brain. They then highlight specific differences in neuroanatomical macro- and microstructure between humans and most common animal model species and discuss their possible implications. Furthermore, this chapter serves as a basis for the following chapters, introducing important terminology and concepts, allowing for an easier access even for readers without a strong neuroscientific background.
Publisher
Oxford University PressNew York
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