Why Is This Infant So Fussy?

Abstract

Abstract This chapter explores the vast differential diagnosis for an infant with vomiting from the most common benign etiologies to more serious pathology, such as pyloric stenosis and focuses on one of the most devastating etiologies: abusive head trauma. The normal anatomy present on an infants CT are reviewed and the pathophysiology and classification of subdural hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage are described, as well as findings on computerized tomography. Details regarding the variable presentation of abusive head trauma, medical management in the acute phase, differential diagnosis, and recommended workup for non-accidental trauma are included. Guidance on mandated reporting are discussed, as well as pearls for management and common pitfalls.