Abstract
Abstract
The thalamus is the central hub of forebrain networks. Cells in its various nuclei receive selective monosynaptic connections from an astounding array of sources, ranging from the caudal spinal cord and retina to the cerebral cortex. In turn, the axons of thalamic cells innervate multiple structures of the ipsilateral forebrain in complex parallel or divergent-convergent patterns. Prominent among these target structures are the cerebral cortex, including the parahippocampal and some hippocampal areas, as well as the reticular thalamic nucleus, striatum, and amygdala. The organization of thalamic output pathways has been investigated in different mammalian species using increasingly sensitive tract-tracing methods. These studies have revealed a richly diverse nucleus-specific organization that underscores the central role of the thalamus in the perception, movement, cognition, arousal and memory networks of the brain.
Publisher
Oxford University PressNew York
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