The Oxford Handbook of Urology, fourth edition, is a comprehensive, yet concise, textbook summarizing the background, clinical presentation, investigation, and treatment of a wide spectrum of urological conditions. It is an essential tool for urologists, general surgeons, accident and emergency doctors, general practitioners, nurses, and medical students involved in the care of patients with urological conditions. It covers medical and surgical aspects of kidney, ureteric, bladder, urethral, prostate, and genitoscrotal disorders, and has proven to be an excellent revision guide for urology examinations, including the FRCS. The Oxford Handbook of Urology continues to provide a valuable overview of many different urological subjects, including lower urinary tract symptoms, bladder outlet obstruction, incontinence, haematuria, emergencies, trauma, cancers, infections, children’s disorders, andrology, infertility, problems in pregnancy, neurourology, renal transplant, basic science, and kidney stone disease. For this new edition, national and international guidelines have been comprehensively reviewed and updated, new technologies and techniques included, new topics added, and current urological controversies highlighted in order to keep urological knowledge and practice current and relevant.