1. Department of Perioperative Medicine, Population Health Research Institute , Hamilton , Canada
2. Department of Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
3. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
4. Department of Medicine, University of Montreal , Montreal , Canada
5. Department of Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, Ohio , United States
6. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong
7. Department of Critical Care, Queen Mary University of London and Barts Health NHS Trust , London , United Kingdom
8. Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Canada
9. Division of Nephrology, London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute , London , Canada
10. Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , United Kingdom
11. Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
12. Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
13. School of Nursing, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
14. Department of Surgery, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
15. Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine , Rochester, New York , United States
16. Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
17. Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, New York , United States