A new hybrid stent using endoscopic vacuum therapy in treating esophageal leaks: a prospective single-center experience of its safety and feasibility with mid-term follow-up

Abstract

Summary Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) and endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) are endoscopic options for treating leaks of the esophagus. VACStent® is a variant of SEMS that aims to combine the advantages of SEMS and EVT in one device. Due to this unique construction, VACStent® can build a barrier to the leak and facilitate wound healing with EVT, all while maintaining intestinal passage. We present the first prospective feasibility study of VACStent® for treating leaks of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Between September 2019 and November 2020, we performed a prospective, investigator-initiated, single-center study and included all patients who underwent endoscopic stenting with VACStent® for various kinds of esophageal leaks, such as spontaneous, iatrogenic or anastomotic leaks. We included 20 patients, who underwent a total of 24 endoscopic VACStent® implantations. Technical success of the application of the VACStent® was achieved in all interventions (n = 24, 100%). Overall, clinical success in closing the leaks with VACStent® treatment was achieved in 60% of patients (12/20). No severe VACStent® treatment-related adverse events occurred. Oral feeding with supplement high-energy drinks failed in all patients due to clogging of the suction tube. VACStent® is a safe and feasible endoscopic treatment option for leaks of the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, our data could not show the expected advantage of orally feeding the patients during the treatment with the VACStent® in its current form. Efficacy of VACStent® compared to EVT or SEMS needs to be investigated in a further study. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03962179.