Facebook Intervention to Connect Alaska Native People With Resources and Support to Quit Smoking: CAN Quit Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Author:

Patten Christi A1ORCID,Koller Kathryn R2ORCID,Sinicrope Pamela S1,Prochaska Judith J3ORCID,Young Colleen4,Resnicow Kenneth5,Decker Paul A6,Hughes Christine A6,Merritt Zoe T2,McConnell Clara R7,Huang Ming8,Thomas Timothy K2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic , 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905 , USA

2. Research Services, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium , 4000 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK, 99508 , USA

3. Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University , 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5411 , USA

4. Division of Consumer Communications, Social and Digital Innovation, Mayo Clinic Connect , 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905 , USA

5. School of Public Health, University of Michigan , 109 S. Observatory, 3867 SPH1, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 , USA

6. Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905 , USA

7. Wellness and Prevention, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium , 4000 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK, 99508 , USA

8. Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic , 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905 , USA

Abstract

Abstract Introduction There is some evidence that social media interventions can promote smoking cessation. This randomized controlled pilot study is the first to evaluate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a Facebook smoking cessation intervention among Alaska Native (AN) adults. Aims and Methods Recruitment and data collection occurred from December 2019 to March 2021. Participants were recruited statewide in Alaska using Facebook advertisements with a targeted sample of 60 enrolled. Participants were stratified by gender, age, and rural or urban residence and randomly assigned to receive referral resources on evidence-based cessation treatments (EBCTs) (control, n = 30) or these resources plus a 3-month, closed (private), culturally tailored, Facebook group (intervention, n = 31) that connected participants to EBCT resources and was moderated by two Alaska Native Trained Tobacco Specialists. Assessments were conducted online post-randomization at 1, 3, and 6 months. Outcomes were feasibility (recruitment, retention, and intervention engagement), self-reported use of EBCTs, and biochemically confirmed seven-day point-prevalence smoking abstinence. Results Of intervention participants, 90% engaged (eg posted, commented) more than once. Study retention was 57% at 6 months (no group differences). The proportion utilizing EBCTs was about double for intervention compared with the control group participants at 3 and 6 months. Smoking abstinence was higher for intervention than control participants at 3 months (6.5% vs. 0%, p = .16) but comparable at 6 months (6.4% vs. 6.7%, p = .97). Conclusions While additional research is needed to promote long-term cessation, this pilot trial supports recruitment feasibility during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, consumer uptake, and a signal for intervention efficacy on the uptake of cessation treatment and short-term smoking abstinence. Implications This study is the first evaluation of a social media intervention for smoking cessation among Indigenous people. We learned that statewide Facebook recruitment of AN adults who smoke was feasible and there was a signal for the efficacy of a Facebook intervention on the uptake of EBCT and short-term (3 months) biochemically verified smoking abstinence. Clinically, social media platforms may complement current care models by connecting AN individuals and others living in hard-to-reach communities to cessation treatment resources.

Funder

National Institute on Drug Abuse

National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference50 articles.

1. Health care delivery for Alaska Natives: a brief overview;Sherry;Int J Circumpolar Health.,2004

2. Addressing cigarette smoking cessation treatment challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic with social media;Meacham;J Subst Abuse Treat.,2021

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