Dicer-like 3a mediates intergenerational resistance against root-knot nematodes in rice via hormone responses

Author:

Meijer Anikó1ORCID,Atighi Mohammad Reza12ORCID,Demeestere Kristof3ORCID,De Meyer Tim4ORCID,Vandepoele Klaas567ORCID,Kyndt Tina1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University , Ghent 9000 , Belgium

2. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University , PO Box 14115-336 Tehran , Iran

3. Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Research group EnVOC, Ghent University , Ghent 9000 , Belgium

4. Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University , Ghent 9000 , Belgium

5. Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University , Ghent 9052 , Belgium

6. VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology , Ghent 9052 , Belgium

7. Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University , Ghent 9052 , Belgium

Abstract

Abstract In a continuously changing and challenging environment, passing down the memory of encountered stress factors to offspring could provide an evolutionary advantage. In this study, we demonstrate the existence of “intergenerational acquired resistance” in the progeny of rice (Oryza sativa) plants attacked by the belowground parasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Transcriptome analyses revealed that genes involved in defense pathways are generally downregulated in progeny of nematode-infected plants under uninfected conditions but show a stronger induction upon nematode infection. This phenomenon was termed “spring loading” and depends on initial downregulation by the 24-nucleotide (nt) siRNA biogenesis gene dicer-like 3a (dcl3a) involved in the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway. Knockdown of dcl3a led to increased nematode susceptibility and abolished intergenerational acquired resistance, as well as jasmonic acid/ethylene spring loading in the offspring of infected plants. The importance of ethylene signaling in intergenerational resistance was confirmed by experiments on a knockdown line of ethylene insensitive 2 (ein2b), which lacks intergenerational acquired resistance. Taken together, these data indicate a role for DCL3a in regulating plant defense pathways during both within-generation and intergenerational resistance against nematodes in rice.

Funder

Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen

EnVOC

Ghent University

MSsmall

Hercules Foundation

Flemish Government

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics,Physiology

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