Securitizing the Colour Revolution: Assessing the Political Role of Triads in Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement

Author:

Lo T Wing1,Kwok Sharon Ingrid2,Garrett Daniel3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 81 Tat Chee Avenue, Yau Yat Chuen, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China

2. School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia

3. Securing Tianxia LLC, Rockville, MD, USA

Abstract

Abstract In Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement, the use of Chinese triads to attack protestors has attracted international attention, forcing the regime to constrain further acts of grand illegitimate violence. Research suggests that triads were used as ‘thugs-for-hire’ by the regime to achieve political ends. The present study aims to examine why the triads were hired and what their specific roles and motivations were. It concludes that triads acted as non-state securitization actors, agent provocateurs or extralegal protectors depending on several factors, such as financial incentives, being stakeholders in occupied sites, business interests in mainland China and individuals’ political ideology. It suggests that triads were used as vigilantes against the threats of Western-instigated Color Revolution and hybrid warfare targeting China.

Funder

Hong Kong Research Grant Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Law,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Social Psychology,Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Reference39 articles.

1. ‘Criminal Politics: An Integrated Approach to the Study of Organized Crime, Politics, and Violence’,;Barnes;Perspectives on Politics,2017

2. ‘The Transformation of Triad ‘Dark Societies’ in Hong Kong: The Impact of Law Enforcement, Socio-Economic and Political Change’,;Broadhurst;Security Challenges,2009

Cited by 2 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3