An integrative profiling of metabolome and transcriptome in the plasma and skeletal muscle following an exercise intervention in diet-induced obese mice

Author:

Han Shuang12,Wu Qingqian13,Wang Mengying4,Yang Miqi1,Sun Chen5,Liang Jiaqi5,Guo Xiaozhen6,Zhang Zheyu1ORCID,Xu Jingya1,Qiu Xinyuan7ORCID,Xie Cen6,Chen Siyu5,Gao Yue2,Meng Zhuo-Xian123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou 310058 , China

2. Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou 310006 , China

3. Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou 310058 , China

4. Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou 310003 , China

5. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China

6. State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China

7. Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073 , China

Abstract

Abstract Exercise intervention at the early stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can aid in the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis and prevent the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications. However, the exercise-regulated pathways that prevent the development of T2DM remain largely unclear. In this study, two forms of exercise intervention, treadmill training and voluntary wheel running, were conducted for high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. We observed that both forms of exercise intervention alleviated HFD-induced insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Skeletal muscle is recognized as the primary site for postprandial glucose uptake and for responsive alteration beyond exercise training. Metabolomic profiling of the plasma and skeletal muscle in Chow, HFD, and HFD-exercise groups revealed robust alterations in metabolic pathways by exercise intervention in both cases. Overlapping analysis identified nine metabolites, including beta-alanine, leucine, valine, and tryptophan, which were reversed by exercise treatment in both the plasma and skeletal muscle. Transcriptomic analysis of gene expression profiles in the skeletal muscle revealed several key pathways involved in the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic homeostasis. In addition, integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses uncovered strong correlations between the concentrations of bioactive metabolites and the expression levels of genes involved in energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and immune response in the skeletal muscle. This work established two models of exercise intervention in obese mice and provided mechanistic insights into the beneficial effects of exercise intervention on systemic energy homeostasis.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars

Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation

Innovative Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhejiang University

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Hangzhou Science and Technology Bureau

Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou

K. C. Wong Education Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cell Biology,Genetics,Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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