Intrinsic competition between 2 pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Author:

Garcez Amanda Montandon1,Krüger Alexandra Peter1,Nava Dori Edson2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Avenida Eliseu Maciel s/n, CP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil

2. Embrapa Clima Temperado , Rodovia BR 392 km 78, CP 96010-970, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil

Abstract

Abstract The parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae Rondani (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) have great potential in controlling Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura); however, both, compete for the same resources. In this study, we evaluated whether the different stages of development of the primary parasitoid reduce the negative effect of intrinsic competition. For this, we first defined the duration of each immature stage of both parasitoid species and then offered D. suzukii pupae containing the first parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) at different stages of development to the second parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae). We also checked the second parasitoid’s preference (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) for the primary parasitoid at different stages of development (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) or D. suzukii pupae nonparasitized. Our evaluations showed that T. anastrephae preferred to parasitize pupae that were not previously parasitized and that had not parasitized puparia of D. suzukii when P. vindemmiae was in later stage to the 1st instar. However, P. vindemmiae preferred to parasitize pupae previously parasitized by T. anastrephae. In an environment of intrinsic competition, the first parasitoid to parasitize has an advantage, except when the pupal stage of T. anastrephae is parasitized by P. vindemmiae. The variation in the parasitoids’ oviposition time mitigates the competition effect; however, for use in biological control programs, the hyperparasitoids P. vindemmiae, does not prove to be advantageous, as they can affect the establishment of primary parasitoids such as T. anastrephae, and can act as competitors for resources.

Funder

Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Brazil

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Insect Science

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