Firearm Suicide Prevention in the U.S. Military: Recommendations From a National Summit

Author:

Betz Marian E123,Stanley Ian H14ORCID,Anestis Michael D56,Bryan Craig J7,Buck-Atkinson Jessica2,Carey Neil8,Ghahramanlou-Holloway Marjan9,Morrissey Brooke Heintz1011,Holloway Kathryn12,Houtsma Claire1314,Kennedy Rachel1,Paine Christopher M1516,Ramchand Rajeev17,Simonetti Joseph218,Walsh Adam1011,Wright-Kelly Erin219

Affiliation:

1. Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

2. Injury and Violence Prevention Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

3. VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

4. Center for COMBAT Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

5. New Jersey Gun Violence Research Center , Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA

6. School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA

7. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus, OH 43214, USA

8. CNA Corporation , Arlington, VA 22201, USA

9. Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA

10. Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress (CSTS), Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814, USA

11. Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. , Bethesda, MD 20817, USA

12. Defense Suicide Prevention Office , Alexandria, VA 22350, USA

13. Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System , New Orleans, LA 70119, USA

14. South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center , New Orleans, LA 70119, USA

15. Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA

16. Department of Behavioral Health, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center , Fort Hood, TX 76544, USA

17. RAND Corporation , Arlington, VA 22202, USA

18. Division of Hospital Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

19. Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO 80045, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT The U.S. DoD has identified firearm suicide prevention as a key operational priority. One vital approach to addressing firearm suicides is through promoting lethal means safety, which involves the voluntary use of secure storage for personally owned firearms and/or temporarily moving firearms out of the home during risk periods. Despite promising approaches to lethal means safety, critical gaps remain in research, programming, and communication among and across scientists, DoD programmatic leaders, front-line commanders, and service members. To address these gaps, the first-ever national “Firearm Suicide Prevention in the Military: Messaging and Interventions Summit” was convened in June 2022, bringing together DoD personnel and researchers with expertise in firearm suicide prevention and lethal means safety. The Summit identified 10 recommendations to enhance firearm suicide prevention messaging and interventions in the U.S. military, including (1) repeal or amend prohibitions on questioning service members about personal firearms; (2) develop, examine, and use common language for firearm injury prevention; (3) implement a universal approach to training on comprehensive firearm injury prevention; (4) encourage leadership across disciplines and levels; (5) aim for broad culture change; (6) support innovative research; (7) consider various outcome measures; (8) promote “cultural competence” for better communication; (9) reduce territorialism; and (10) develop creative partnerships. Ultimately, these recommendations can facilitate productive partnerships with a shared goal: to develop, test, and implement strategies that standardize lethal means safety and reduce firearm suicides and other firearm injuries or harm among service members.

Funder

Defense Health Agency

U.S. Department of Defense

National Institute of Mental Health

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Medicine

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