Performance and symptom validity indicators among children undergoing cognitive surveillance following treatment for craniopharyngioma

Author:

Potter Brian S1,Crabtree Valerie McLaughlin1,Ashford Jason M1,Li Yimei2,Liang Jia2,Guo Yian2,Wise Merrill S3,Skoda Evelyn S1,Merchant Thomas E4,Conklin Heather M1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee , USA

2. Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee , USA

3. Mid-South Pulmonary and Sleep Specialists, PC , Memphis, Tennessee , USA

4. Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee , USA

Abstract

Abstract Background Performance validity tests (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) are essential to neuropsychological evaluations, helping ensure findings reflect true abilities or concerns. It is unclear how PVTs and SVTs perform in children who received radiotherapy for brain tumors. Accordingly, we investigated the rate of noncredible performance on validity indicators as well as associations with fatigue and lower intellectual functioning. Methods Embedded PVTs and SVTs were investigated in 98 patients with pediatric craniopharyngioma undergoing proton radiotherapy (PRT). The contribution of fatigue, sleepiness, and lower intellectual functioning to embedded PVT performance was examined. Further, we investigated PVTs and SVTs in relation to cognitive performance at pre-PRT baseline and change over time. Results SVTs on parent measures were not an area of concern. PVTs identified 0–31% of the cohort as demonstrating possible noncredible performance at baseline, with stable findings 1 year following PRT. Reliable digit span (RDS) noted the highest PVT failure rate; RDS has been criticized for false positives in pediatric populations, especially children with neurological impairment. Objective sleepiness was strongly associated with PVT failure, stressing need to consider arousal level when interpreting cognitive performance in children with craniopharyngioma. Lower intellectual functioning also needs to be considered when interpreting task engagement indices as it was strongly associated with PVT failure. Conclusions Embedded PVTs should be used with caution in pediatric craniopharyngioma patients who have received PRT. Future research should investigate different cut-off scores and validity indicator combinations to best differentiate noncredible performance due to task engagement versus variable arousal and/or lower intellectual functioning.

Funder

National Cancer Institute

American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Reference49 articles.

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1. Neurocognition in Pediatric Temporal Lobe Tumor-Related Epilepsy;Developmental Neuropsychology;2024-05-16

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