Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Discrimination of Charcoal from Eucalyptus and Native Cerrado Species—Contribution to a Database for Forestry Supervision

Author:

Nisgoski Silvana1ORCID,Gonçalves Thaís A P2ORCID,Sonsin-Oliveira Júlia3ORCID,Ballarin Adriano W4ORCID,Muñiz Graciela I B1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologia Florestal, Av. Prof. Lothário Meissner, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

2. Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro Agroveterinário, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Av. Luiz de Camões, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, Brazil

3. Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil

4. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Fazenda Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, Caixa Postal, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Abstract

Abstract The illegal charcoal trade is an internationally well-known forest crime. In Brazil, government agents try to control it using the document of forest origin (DOF). To confirm a load’s legality, the agents must compare it with the declared content of the DOF. However, to identify charcoal is difficult even for specialists in wood anatomy. Hence, new technologies would facilitate the agents’ work. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) provides a rapid and precise response to differentiate carbonized species. Considering the rich Brazilian flora, NIR studies are still underdeveloped. Our work aimed to differentiate charcoals of seven eucalypts and 10 Cerrado species based on NIR analysis and to add information to a charcoal database. Data were collected with a spectrophotometer in reflectance mode. Partial least square regression with discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was applied to confirm the performance and potential of NIR spectra to distinguish native Cerrado species from eucalyptus species. Wavenumbers from 4,000 to 6,000 cm−1 and transversal surface presented the best results. NIR had the potential to distinguish eucalypt charcoals from Cerrado species and in comparison to reference samples. NIR is a potential tool for forestry supervision to guarantee the sustainability of the charcoal supply in Brazil and countries with similar conditions.

Funder

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Ecological Modelling,Ecology,Forestry

Reference67 articles.

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3. Barbecue charcoal anatomy of marketed brands in the metropolitan region of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil;Brand;Floresta,2019

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