Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury Caused by HLA-II Antibodies: A Case Report

Abstract

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the etiology of a case of suspected transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) occurring after blood transfusion. Methods The clinical symptoms, signs, imaging examinations, and laboratory test results of a patient with suspected TRALI after blood transfusion were retrospectively analyzed, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping of the patient and HLA antibodies of the plasma donors were performed. Results The clinical manifestations of the patient were consistent with those of TRALI after blood transfusion. This TRALI was treated by timely ventilator support. The patient results of high-resolution HLA genotyping were HLA-A* 01:01, 11:01; HLA-B* 15:02, 37:01; HLA-C* 06:02, 08:01; DRB1* 10:01, 12:02; DRB3* 03:01, 03:01; DQA1* 01:05, 06:01; DQB1* 03:01, 05:01; DPA1* 01:03, 02:01; and DPB1* 02:01, 09:01. Of the 6 plasma donors tested, 3 were found to have HLA-II antibodies, which were HLA-DPA1*01:03, HLA-DQB1*03:01, and HLA-DQB1*03:01 antibodies. Conclusion We described a case of TRALI caused by HLA-DQB1*03:01 antibody and DPA1*01:03 antibody.