The Type and Amount of Dietary Fat Affect Plasma Factor VIIc, Fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in Healthy Individuals and Individuals at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk: 2 Randomized Controlled Trials
Author:
Kris-Etherton Penny M1, Stewart Paul W2, Ginsberg Henry N3, Tracy Russell P4, Lefevre Michael5, Elmer Patricia J6, Berglund Lars3, Ershow Abby G7, Pearson Thomas A891011, Ramakrishnan Rajasekhar3, Holleran Stephen F3, Dennis Barbara H2, Champagne Catherine M5, Karmally Wahida3, Ginsberg Henry12, Ramakrishnan Rajasekhar12, Karmally Wahida12, Berglund Lars12, Siddiqui Maliha12, Chen Niem-Tzu12, Holleran Steve12, Johnson Colleen12, Holeman Roberta12, Chirgwin Karen12, Stennett Kellye12, Ganga Lencey12, Towolawai Tajsudeen12, Myers Minnie12, Ngai Colleen12, Fontenez Nelson12, Jones Jeff12, Rodriguez Carmen12, Useche Norma12, Lefevre Michael13, Roheim Paul S13, Ryan Donna13, Most Marlene13, Champagne Catherine13, Williamson Donald13, Tulley Richard13, Brock Ricky13, Bodin Deonne13, Kennedy Betty13, Barkate Michelle13, Foust Elizabeth13, York Deshoin13, Kris-Etherton Penny14, Jonnalagadda Satya14, Derr Janice14, Farhat-Wood Abir14, Mustad Vikkie14, Meaker Kate14, Mills Edward14, Tilley Mary-Ann14, Smiciklas-Wright Helen14, Sigman-Grant Madeleine14, Yu Shaomei14, Guinard Jean-Xavier14, Sechevich Pamela14, Reddy C Channa14, Mastro Andrea M14, Cooper Allen D14, Elmer Patricia15, Folsom Aaron15, Van Heel Nancy15, Wold Christine15, Fritz Kay15, Slavin Joanne15, Jacobs David15, Dennis Barbara16, Stewart Paul16, Davis C16, Hosking James16, Anderson Nancy16, Blackwell Susan16, Martin Lynn16, Bryan Hope16, Stewart W Brian16, Abolafia Jeffrey16, Foley Malachy16, Zien Conroy16, Leu Szu-Yun16, Youngblood Marston16, Goodwin Thomas16, Miles Monica16, Wehbie Jennifer16, Pearson Thomas17, Reed Roberta17, Tracy Russell18, Cornell Elaine18, Stewart Kent19, Phillips Katherine19, McGee Bernestine20, Williams Brenda20, Beecher Gary21, Holden Joanne21, Davis Carol21, Ershow Abby22, Gordon David22, Proschan Michael22, Rifkind Basil22,
Affiliation:
1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 2. Department of Biostatistics, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 3. Department of Medicine, Irving Center for Clinical Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA 4. Colchester Research Facility, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA 5. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 6. Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA 7. Division of Heart and Vascular Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 8. The Mary Imogene Bassett Research Institute, Cooperstown, NY, USA 9. School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA 10. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA 11. Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA 12. Columbia University 13. Pennington Biomedical Research Center 14. Pennsylvania State University 15. University of Minnesota 16. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 17. Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital 18. University of Vermont 19. Virginia Polytechnic and State University 20. Southern University 21. Beltsville Agricultural Research Center 22. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and are modulated, in part, by fat type and amount.
Objective
We evaluated fat type and amount on the primary outcomes: factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and PAI-1.
Methods
In the Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity (DELTA) Trial, 2 controlled crossover feeding studies evaluated substituting carbohydrate or MUFAs for SFAs. Study 1: healthy participants (n = 103) were provided with (8 wk) an average American diet [AAD; designed to provide 37% of energy (%E) as fat, 16% SFA], a Step 1 diet (30%E fat, 9% SFA), and a diet low in SFA (Low-Sat; 26%E fat, 5% SFA). Study 2: participants (n = 85) at risk for CVD and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) were provided with (7 wk) an AAD, a step 1 diet, and a high-MUFA diet (designed to provide 37%E fat, 8% SFA, 22% MUFA).
Results
Study 1: compared with AAD, the Step 1 and Low-Sat diets decreased mean factor VIIc by 1.8% and 2.6% (overall P = 0.0001), increased mean fibrinogen by 1.2% and 2.8% (P = 0.0141), and increased mean square root PAI-1 by 0.0% and 6.0% (P = 0.0037), respectively. Study 2: compared with AAD, the Step 1 and high-MUFA diets decreased mean factor VIIc by 4.1% and 3.2% (overall P < 0.0001), increased mean fibrinogen by 3.9% and 1.5% (P = 0.0083), and increased mean square-root PAI-1 by 2.0% and 5.8% (P = 0.1319), respectively.
Conclusions
Replacing SFA with carbohydrate decreased factor VIIc and increased fibrinogen in healthy and metabolically unhealthy individuals and also increased PAI-1 in healthy subjects. Replacing SFA with MUFA decreased factor VIIc and increased fibrinogen but less than carbohydrate. Our results indicate an uncertain effect of replacing SFA with carbohydrate or MUFA on cardiometabolic risk because of small changes in hemostatic factors and directionally different responses to decreasing SFA. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00000538?term=NCT00000538&rank=1 as NCT00000538.
Funder
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Center for Research Resources
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Reference72 articles.
1. Progress toward improved cardiovascular health in the United States;Pahigiannis;Circulation,2019 2. Can haemostatic factors predict atherothrombosis?;Lowe;Intern Emerg Med,2011 3. Overview of hemostatic factors involved in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease;Kannel;Lipids,2005 4. Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality;Fibrinogen Studies Collaboration;JAMA,2005
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|