Affiliation:
1. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
2. Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
3. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
The root of Platycodon grandiflorus (PG) has a long-standing tradition in the Asian diet and herbal medicine, because of its anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effects. Changes in the gut microbiota can have dietary effects on host health, which suggests a relation between the 2.
Objectives
The aim of our study was to investigate the relation between PG-mediated suppression of obesity and the composition and functioning of the gut microbiota.
Methods
Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a control diet (CON, 10% kcal from fat), a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal from fat), or a PG-supplemented HFD for 18 wk. PG was administered by oral gavage at 2 g · kg body weight−1 · d−1. Body weight and food intake were monitored. Lipid metabolism, inflammation, and intestinal barrier function were determined. Amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to explore gut microbiota structure, and nontargeted metabolomics analysis was performed to investigate metabolite concentrations in fecal samples.
Results
We found that PG significantly ameliorated HFD-induced inflammation, recovered intestinal barrier integrity (reduced permeability by 39% , P = 0.008), reduced fat accumulation by 26% (P = 0.009), and changed the expression of key genes involved in the development of white adipose tissue (P < 0.05) in HFD-fed mice to similar levels in CON mice. Moreover, PG attenuated HFD-induced changes in the gut microbiota; it especially increased Allobaculum (7.3-fold, P = 0.002) relative to HFD, whereas CON was 15.2-fold of HFD (P = 0.002). These changes by PG were associated with an increase in the production of SCFAs (butyrate and propionate, P < 0.001) and other carbohydrate-related metabolites known to have a major role in disease suppression.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that PG beneficially changed the gut microbiota and the gut metabolome in HFD-fed mice, and suggests that the antiobesity effects of PG may be mediated via changes in gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
Funder
National Key Technologies R&D Program
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
17 articles.
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