A Method to Amend Cigarettes With Menthol for Use in Research

Author:

Jackson Kia J1ORCID,Schroeder Megan J1,Ai Jiu1,Taylor Kenneth M2ORCID,Oniyide Olusola1,Viray Lauren C3,Smith Carson3,Koszowski Bartosz3,Butler Jenny M4,Pickworth Wallace B3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, Office of Science , 11785 Beltsville Drive, Calverton, MD 20705 , USA

2. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research , 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708 , USA

3. Battelle Center for Public Health Research , 6115 Falls Road, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21209 , USA

4. Battelle Center for Public Health Research , 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201 , USA

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionStudies have evaluated the role of menthol cigarettes on various addiction-related outcomes; however, the effect of varying menthol content on these outcomes has not been evaluated. We developed a method to amend non-menthol SPECTRUM Research Cigarettes to contain menthol at four different levels.Aims and MethodsSPECTRUM Research Cigarettes, NRC 600 (0.8 mg nicotine; 10 mg tar), were modified to contain target menthol amounts at 3, 6, and 12 mg/cigarette by injecting 25 µL ethanol/triacetin/menthol solutions of varying concentrations (120 mg menthol/mL, 240 mg/mL, and 480 mg/mL) into four distinct locations in the filter and tobacco rod. Menthol content was tested in triplicate in the whole cigarette and in the tobacco rod and filter at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours for each target menthol level using an extraction solution of quinoline in methyl-tert-butyl ether and measured using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.ResultsInjections into the filter and tobacco rod (12.5 µL each) yielded equal menthol distribution up to 72 hours. However, total menthol content decreased from an average of 90.3% of the target menthol concentration at 1 hour to 80.7% at 72 hours in cigarettes stored individually in glass tubes at room temperature. Analysis of urinary menthol glucuronide confirmed that amended cigarettes used within 24 hours of injection delivered dose-related menthol levels to participants in a clinical laboratory setting.ConclusionThis method can be used to modify cigarettes with a range of reliable menthol levels in both filter and tobacco rod for use in laboratory and clinical research.ImplicationsThis study presents a technique for modifying cigarettes with different levels of menthol that can reliably deliver dose-related menthol levels to participants when smoked in a clinical study. The technique can be used to quickly amend cigarettes to examine the independent effects of varying flavor and additive levels on smoking behavior, nicotine pharmacokinetics, mainstream smoke emissions, and other laboratory or clinical research outcomes.

Funder

Food and Drug Administration

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference19 articles.

1. A history of mentholated cigarettes: this spud’s for you.;Reid;Recent Adv Tob Sci.,1993

2. Menthol, nicotine, and flavoring content of capsule cigarettes in the us;Schneller;Tob Regul Sci.,2020

3. Menthol: a simple monoterpene with remarkable biological properties;Kamatou;Phytochemistry.,2013

4. The menthol smoker: tobacco industry research on consumer sensory perception of menthol cigarettes and its role in smoking behavior;Kreslake;Nicotine Tob Res.,2008

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3