Asymmetrical reproductive barriers in sympatric jewelflowers: are floral isolation, genetic incompatibilities and floral trait displacement connected?

Author:

Christie Kyle12ORCID,Doan Jonathan P1,Mcbride Wendy C3,Strauss Sharon Y12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA

2. Center for Population Biology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA

3. Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

Abstract

Abstract Floral visitors influence reproductive interactions among sympatric plant species, either by facilitating assortative mating and contributing to reproductive isolation, or by promoting heterospecific pollen transfer, potentially leading to reproductive interference or hybridization. We assessed preference and constancy of floral visitors on two co-occurring jewelflowers [Streptanthus breweri and Streptanthus hesperidis (Brassicaceae)] using field arrays, and quantified two floral rewards potentially important to foraging choice – pollen production and nectar sugar concentration – in a greenhouse common garden. Floral visitors made an abundance of conspecific transitions between S. breweri individuals, which thus experienced minimal opportunities for heterospecific pollen transfer from S. hesperidis. In contrast, behavioural isolation for S. hesperidis was essentially absent due to pollinator inconstancy. This pattern emerged across multiple biotic environments and was unrelated to local density dependence. S. breweri populations that were sympatric with S. hesperidis had higher nectar sugar concentrations than their sympatric congeners, as well as allopatric conspecifics. Previous work shows that S. breweri suffers a greater cost to hybridization than S. hesperidis, and here we find that it also shows asymmetrical floral isolation and floral trait displacement in sympatry. These findings suggest that trait divergence may reduce negative reproductive interactions between sympatric but genetically incompatible relatives.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Natural Reserve System, University of California

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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