Morphological and molecular data combined reveal inter- and intraspecific cranial shape variations in bats of Artibeus Leach, 1821 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Author:

Mendes Samira Brito1ORCID,Stefanello Fabiano2ORCID,Costa Cleison Luís da Silva1ORCID,Lima Amanda Cristiny da Silva3ORCID,Olímpio Ana Priscila Medeiros3ORCID,Pires Walna Micaelle de Morais3ORCID,Fraga Elmary da Costa45ORCID,Barros Maria Claudene45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte-PPGBIO-NORTE, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, Avenida Lourenço Vieira da Silva , no. 1000, Jardim São Cristóvão, 65055-310, São Luís, Maranhão , Brazil

2. Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias, Praça Duque de Caxias S/N , Morro do Alecrim, 65604-380, Caxias, Maranhão , Brazil

3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular – PPGBM, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) , R. Augusto Corrêa, 01-Guamá, 66075-110, Belém, PA , Brazil

4. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade, Ambiente e Saúde – PPGBAS, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA) , Campus Caxias, Praça Duque de Caxias S/N, Bairro morro do Alecrim, 65604-380, Caxias, Maranhão , Brazil

5. Laboratório de Genética e Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA) , Campus Caxias, Praça Duque de Caxias S/N, Morro do Alecrim, 65604-380, Caxias, MA , Brazil

Abstract

Abstract Since morphological traits may overlap among species within a complex, the integration of morphological and mitochondrial data could provide crucial insights for distinguishing species, as observed in fruit-eating bats of the genus Artibeus. Therefore, the application of geometric morphometric (GM) techniques could yield more refined and robust analyses of inter- and intraspecific variations. In this study, we generated two datasets: one with molecular delimitation data based on the barcode region (COI) and the other with cranial size and shape data using GM methods. Our aims were to investigate variations between large and small species within the genus Artibeus, as well as to explore potential factors influencing such variations. The results from species delimitation revealed molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) supporting the morphological identification. Analyses using GM techniques demonstrated significant inter- and intraspecific variations in cranial size and shape among Artibeus species. The combined outcomes suggest the absence of a significant phylogenetic signal influencing skull variation. This scenario indicates that potential historical ecological factors may have directly influenced the cranial morphology of these species, acting as significant selection forces in geographical space and generating intraspecific variations in Artibeus planirostris.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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